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Micro-components survey of residential indoor water consumption in Chiang Mai
1Center for Research and Development Higher Education, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 133-0033, Japan
2Graduate School of Humanities and Science, Ochanomizu University, 2-2-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
3Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
4Department of Urban Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
Abstract. The direct measurement of the micro-components of water consumption (i.e., consumption by each residential activity, such as toilet, laundry, bath, and kitchen) both in the dry season and in the rainy season was conducted in Chiang Mai, Thailand. It was expected that rainfall differences between the dry and rainy season could influence awareness for water resources so that water consumption in the dry season may be smaller than that in the rainy season. It was also examined that whether the differences in water resources such as public waterworks or non-public waterworks like community waterworks, mountainous water and groundwater, affect the water use amount. A small-sized accumulative water meter was developed for measurement. This survey can provide the important information for water demand estimation and water supply planning in middle-developed countries where their water consumption should be expected to increase from here on.
Discussion Paper (PDF, 553 KB) Interactive Discussion (Closed, 6 Comments) Final Revised Paper (DWES)
Citation: Otaki, Y., Otaki, M., Pengchai, P., Ohta, Y., and Aramaki, T.: Micro-components survey of residential indoor water consumption in Chiang Mai, Drink. Water Eng. Sci. Discuss., 1, 45-70, 2008. Bibtex EndNote Reference Manager
